Vietnam: A Television History; Interview with William Egan Colby, 1981

07/16/1981

William Colby was a high-ranking CIA officer during the Vietnam War. He would later direct the Agency. Here he recalls the CIAs assessment of the Vietnam War in 1965 and the failure of the US to anticipate the Tet Offensive. He discusses the Phoenix Program, which he directed, describing its impact on the War. Finally, he recounts events surrounding the Fall of Saigon and the end of the War, and reflects on the success or failure of US strategy in Vietnam.

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Series: Vietnam: A Television History
Title: Interview with William Egan Colby, 1981
Series Description: This 13 part series covers the history of Vietnam from France's colonial control, through the 1945 revolution, to the 1975 U.S. evacuation from Saigon and the years beyond. The series' objective approach permits viewers to form their own conclusions about the war. 101--Roots of a War--Despite cordial relations between American intelligence officers and Communist leader Ho Chi Minh in the turbulent closing months of World War II, French and British hostility to the Vietnamese revolution laid the groundwork for a new war. 102--The First Vietnam War (1946-1954)--The French generals expected to defeat Ho's rag-tag Vietminh guerrillas easily, but after eight years of fighting and $2.5 billion in U.S. aid, the French lost a crucial battle at Dienbienphu--and with it, their Asian empire. 103--America's Mandarin (1954-1963)--To stop the spread of communism in Southeast Asia, America replaced France in South Vietnam--supporting autocratic President Ngo Dinyh Diem until his own generals turned against him in a coup that brought political chaos to Saigon. 104--LBJ Goes to War (1964-1965)--With Ho Chi Minh determined to reunite Vietnam, Lyndon Baines Johnson determined to prevent it, and South Vietnam on the verge of collapse, the stage was set for massive escalation of the undeclared Vietnam War. 105--America Takes Charge (1965-1967)--In two years, the Johnson Administration's troop build-up dispatched 1.5 million Americans to Vietnam to fight a war they found baffling, tedious, exciting, deadly and unforgettable. 106--America's Enemy (1954-1967)--The Vietnam War as seen from different perspectives: by Vietcong guerrillas and sympathizers; by North Vietnamese leaders; by rank and file; and by American held prisoner in Hanoi. 107--Tet (1968)--The massive enemy offensive at the Lunar New Year decimated the Vietcong and failed to topple the Saigon government, but led to the beginning of America's military withdrawal. 108--Vietnamizing the War (1968-1973)--President Nixon's program of troop pull-outs, stepped-up bombing and huge arms shipments to Saigon changed the war, and left GI's wondering which of them would be the last to die in Vietnam. 109--Cambodia and Laos--Despite technical neutrality, both of Vietnam's smaller neighbors were drawn into the war, suffered massive bombing, and in the case of Cambodia, endured a post-war holocaust of nightmare proportions. 110--Peace is at Hand (1968-1973)--While American and Vietnamese continued to clash in battle, diplomats in Paris argued about making peace, after more than four years reaching an accord that proved to be a preface to further bloodshed. 111--Homefront USA--Americans at home divide over a distant war, clashing in the streets as demonstrations lead to bloodshed, bitterness and increasing doubts about the outcome. 112--The End of the Tunnel (1973-1975)--Through troubled years of controversy and violence, U.S. casualties mounted, victory remained elusive and American opinion moved from general approval to general dissatisfaction with the Vietnam war. 113--Legacies--Vietnam is in the Soviet orbit, poorer than ever, at war on two fronts; America's legacy includes more than one half million Asian refugees, one half million Vietnam veterans and some questions that won't go away. Series release date: 9/1983
Duration: 00:54:55
Asset Type: Raw video
Media Type: Video
Subjects: Vietnam--History--1945-1975; Vietnam War, 1961-1975--United States; Vietnam--Politics and government--1945-1975; Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Personal narratives, American; Military art and science; Vietnam (Republic); Escalation (Military science); Vietnam (Democratic Republic); Vietnam--Politics and government; Vietnam War, 1961-1975; United States--Politics and government; United States. Central Intelligence Agency; Intelligence officers
Genres: Documentary
Topics: War and Conflict
Creators: Ellison, Richard (Series Producer)
Contributors: Colby, William Egan, 1920- (Interviewee)
Publication Information: WGBH Educational Foundation
Rights Summary: No materials may be re-used without references to appearance releases and WGBH/UMass Boston contract. 2) It is the liability of a production to investigate and re-clear all rights before re-use in any project. Rights Holder: WGBH Educational Foundation
Citation: Chicago: “Vietnam: A Television History; Interview with William Egan Colby, 1981,” 07/16/1981, GBH Archives, accessed December 19, 2024, http://openvault.wgbh.org/catalog/V_37E936B7A54D47FE9215E504111AA799.; MLA: “Vietnam: A Television History; Interview with William Egan Colby, 1981.” 07/16/1981. GBH Archives. Web. December 19, 2024. <http://openvault.wgbh.org/catalog/V_37E936B7A54D47FE9215E504111AA799>.; APA: Vietnam: A Television History; Interview with William Egan Colby, 1981. Boston, MA: GBH Archives. Retrieved from http://openvault.wgbh.org/catalog/V_37E936B7A54D47FE9215E504111AA799

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Vietnam: A Television History; Interview with William Egan Colby, 1981